Eumillipes persephone je "stonožka", která má 1306 noh
Audio verze článku
přesněji řečeno jde o mnohonožku (Diplopoda), která patří stejně jako stonožky (Chilopoda), do podkmenu stonožkovců.
Anglické označení mnohonožek je Millipede což
pochází z latinského (mille - "tisíc" pes - "noha"), což by se dalo přeložit do češtiny jako "tisícinožka".
V západní Austrálii nyní vědci (Paul E. Marek) objevili mnohonožku, která má 1306 noh. Jde tedy o živočicha s největším počtem noh na světě.
Zdá se, že české označení "mnohonožka" je tedy jako "nelimitní" v současné době víz prozíravé.
Mnohonožka Eumillipes persephone (Persefona byla vládkyně podsvětí podle řecké mytologie) má na délku 95,7mm, šířka 0,95mm a vědci ji našli v hloubce 60 metrů pod zemí. Šlo primárně o geologické vrty do, kterých poté vědci spouštěli pasti naplněné rostlinnými zbytky.
Mnohonožka nemá oči a je bez pigmentu (zbarvení je bledé). Její tělo tvoří 330 segmentů.
Pod zemí se orientuje pomocí dvojice tykadel, které se neustále pohybují a pokud naleznou dostatečný otvor v hornině, nebo půdě prolézá dovnitř. Její tělní segmenty jsou pružné a mohou se přizpůsobit i otvoru, který má menší průměr než mnohonožka. Tyto segmenty se při pohybu stlačují a působí na sebe neustálou silou vpřed. Mnohonožka se tak svým způsobem pohybuje podobně jako žížaly.
Obrovský počet segmentů a nohou, by mohl pomoci mnohonožce k pohybu až osmi různými směry najednou.
Jedná se dosud o neprozkoumaný druh mnohonožky, ale vědci se domnívají, že by se mohla živit houbami.
Eumillipes persephone patří do čeledi Siphonotidae (řád Polyzoniida)
Scientific Reports (Sci Rep) ISSN 2045-2322 (online)
Mnohonožky jsou velmi staří členovci, kteří obývají zemi již 400 milionů let. Některé z mnohonožek dorůstaly do délky až 2 metrů. Živí se rostlinnou stravou. Z vajíček se líhnou jedninci, kteří mají pouze 4 páry nohou a prakticky celý život jim potom dorůstají nové segmenty s dalšími páry nohou.
zdroj:Marek, P.E., Buzatto, B.A., Shear, W.A. et al. The first true millipede—1306 legs long. Sci Rep 11, 23126 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02447-0
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